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Romance Languages
and Literatures

Faculty

*Year of initial appointment at Binghamton

Boswell, Richard E., Assistant Professor Emeritus, PhD, 1964, Yale University: Grammar, phonetics, methods, civilization. (1969)*

Coates, Carrol F., Professor, PhD, 1964, Yale University: 19th century French poetry and novel; Francophone literature (Canadien, Caribbean, African), comparative literature.(1963)

Cocozzella, Peter, Professor, PhD, 1966, St. Louis University: Castillian and Catalan literatures of the 15th and 16th centuries; generation of '98. (1970)

Erdman, E. George, Jr., Associate Professor, PhD, 1966, Johns Hopkins University: Language and civilization of contemporary Spain. (1967)

Fajardo, Salvador, J., Professor and Department Chair, PhD, 1968, University of Chicago: Cervantes, Spanish poetry, 20th­p;century Peninsular. (1990)

LaValva, Rosemarie, Associate Professor, PhD, 1986, Rutgers University: 19th and 20th Century Italian literature, Italian theatre; film. (1987)

O'Connor, Thomas A., Professor, PhD, 1971, State University of New York at Albany: Spanish literature of the Golden Age: drama, narrative, poetry; Hermeneutics; mythology. (1988)

Pellegrini, Anthony L., Professor Emeritus, PhD, 1951, Harvard University: Italian literature: medieval and early Renaissance; 19th and 20th century poetry and novel. (1962)

Sobejano-Moran, Antonio, Associate Professor, PhD, 1987, Michigan State University: Contemporary Spanish literature; Picaresque narrative; literary theory. (1986)

Stewart, Dana, Assistant Professor, PhD, 1994, Stanford University: Dante, Early Italian lyric poetry, medieval and Renaissance literature. (1994)

Sticca, Sandro, Professor, PhD, 1966, Columbia University: French literature of the Middle Ages and Renaissance; Latin, Italian, and French drama and lyric; philology, comparative literature. (1964)

Van Baelen, Jacqueline R., Professor Emerita, PhD, 1963, University of California at Los Angeles: 17th century French literature; 20th century French drama and film; comparative literature. (1968)

Vogely, Anita, Assistant Professor, PhD, 1990, University of Texas at Austin: Foreign language teaching methodology. (1990)

Xaubet, Horacio, Assistant Professor, PhD, 1992, University of California at Berkeley: Contemporary Latin American prose fiction, Latin American studies. (1992)

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Undergraduate
Programs

The major programs in French, Italian, and Spanish impart traditional skills in the language of specialization, provide a comprehensive knowledge of its literature and culture, and develop critical insights. In view of the diversity of student interests, the department offers various options for the major, each within the standard pattern of 10 required courses in the departmental specialization.
Students who intend to pursue a major are urged to make their declarations as early as possible, before the beginning of the junior year, whereupon they are assigned departmental advisors. Any variations from program requirements must be approved by the undergraduate committee.
Majors typically spend a semester abroad in programs in France, Italy, Mexico, or Spain. Work done there is applied toward the major in consultation with departmental advisors.
Courses taken under the pass/fail grading option do not normally count toward the major.
Of the 10 courses required of all majors, a minimum of three 400-level courses in French and Spanish and two 400-level courses in Italian must be taken at this university.
For language courses 491 and 492 (Teaching College French, Italian, or Spanish), permission of the instructor is mandatory. These courses are intended for students who are well advanced in the study of the language and who have studied abroad. They do not count toward the major.

French Major

OPTION 1. LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE

The standard major in French consists of 10 courses above the elementary (French 111-115) level. At least five must be at the 400 level, with a minimum of two from each sub-group, language and literature. Courses deemed the equivalent of 400-level courses but taken outside Binghamton University may be counted toward the major, provided they are approved by the advisor and at least three 400-level courses are taken on campus.

OPTION 2. LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS

This major consists of:
Advanced courses in French language, such as 445 (Phonetics), 451 (Grammar), 453 (Stylistics), and 457 (Business French)/3
LING 118 (Introduction to Linguistic Structures), and three other courses in linguistics, chosen in consultation with advisors in French and linguistics/4
Courses in French literature and civilization, taught in French, such as 351 (Grammar, Composition, and Civilization) 361 and/or 362 (Masterworks), any 460 or 480-series course/3

Italian Major

The major in Italian, which consists of 10 courses, accommodates both students with no preparation in the language and those with some previous knowledge. A combined major with French or Spanish is also possible.

OPTION 1.

Students beginning at 111 or 115 (if both are taken, they count as one) will take three courses from among 211, 215, 241, and 344; two from among 360, 361, 370, 375, and 397; and four at the 400 level.

OPTION 2.

Students beginning at 211 or 215 will take one or two more courses at the 200 level, three at the 300 level, and four at the 400 level.
Depending on the availability of advanced courses, students may occasionally be allowed to substitute 370 for a 400-level course.

OPTION 3. COMBINED MAJOR

Students take 211 and 215; two courses from among 344, 360, 361, 370 and 375; two at the 400 level; and in French or Spanish two at the 200 level and two at the 300 level.

Spanish Major

The major in Spanish consists of 10 courses above the level of 115 (exclusive of 397, 491, and 492), five of which must be at the 400 level. Students who begin at 211 may substitute 360 or 370 for one of the 400-level courses. Students are encouraged to explore their interests in Spanish literature, Latin American literature, and language and culture. Special courses are also offered for Spanish­p;English bilinguals.

Honors Program

The department offers an honors program to students of demonstrated motivation and ability, within the fields of language and literature. For details please consult the department.

Minors

The minor in French, Italian, and Spanish consists of six courses beyond the level of 115, one must be in literature, two must be at the 300 or 400 level. Of the six courses, three must have been taken at this University, one at the 300 or 400 level.

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Course Offerings/
Undergraduate


NOTE: Unless otherwise noted, all undergraduate courses carry 4 credits.

French

FREN 111. FRENCH I
Communicative introduction to the language and its culture, with attention to aural comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing. No prerequisites.

FREN 115. FRENCH II
Continuation of a communicative introduction to the language and its culture, with attention to aural comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing. Prerequisite: FREN 111 or one or two years of French in high school.

FREN 118. FRENCH FOR READING COMPREHENSION Open to graduate students for no credit; and, for credit, to undergraduate students who have either no prior instruction in French, or college instruction (not beyond FREN 211, third semester) which has been interrupted for at least two years. French grammar and various readings to develop comprehension of written French. Preparation for foreign language proficiency exam. No speaking, no laboratory, no prerequisite. Three hours a week.

FREN 211. FRENCH III
Final semester of a communicative introduction to the language and its culture, with attention to aural comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing. Prerequisite: FREN 115 or two or three years of French in high school.

FREN 215. FRENCH IV
Intermediate level language and culture course with emphasis on the reading of literary and non­p;literary texts, grammar, and writing. Prerequisite: FREN 211 or three or four years of French in high school.

FREN 241. CONVERSATION, COMPOSITION, CIVILIZATION
Introduction to contemporary French culture. Written and audiovisual materials are the basis of individual and group activities. Prerequisite: FREN 215 or equivalent.

FREN 251. GRAMMAR, COMPOSITION, CIVILIZATION
Readings and discussions on cultural topics of contemporary France and the Francophone world. Special attention to grammar and to writing skills. Prerequisite: FREN 215 or equivalent.

FREN 341. CONVERSATION
Contemporary France and its problems. Topics and vocabulary related to social, political, cultural life of French people. Prerequisite: FREN 241 or equivalent.

FREN 344 (formerly FREN 244). INTRO TO CRITICAL READING
An introduction to the critical reading analysis of literary works of different genres by a wide range of authors. Prerequisite: FREN 215 or equivalent.

FREN 351. GRAMMAR, COMPOSITION, CIVILIZATION
Writing practice based on topics drawn from contemporary France and the French-speaking world. Together with a re-examination of grammar. Prerequisite: FREN 251 or equivalent.

FREN 361. MASTERWORKS OF FRENCH LITERATURE
Middle Ages through the 17th century. Readings, oral reports, compositions. Prerequisite: FREN 351.

FREN 362. MASTERWORKS OF FRENCH LITERATURE
18th through 20th centuries. Readings, oral reports, compositions. Prerequisite: FREN 351.

FREN 397. INDEPENDENT STUDY
Independent reading and research on selected topic in consultation with major advisor. Open to majors but may not count among required 10 courses of major program (except, in special circumstances, by written consent of major's advisor).

FREN 399. JUNIOR HONORS
This program can be completed in one or two semesters for a maximum of 4 credits.

FREN 445. FRENCH PHONETICS
Study of French sound system, pronunciation practice, discussion of articles and videos dealing with contemporary France, writing. Prerequisite: one 300-level course.

FREN 451. ADVANCED GRAMMAR AND COMPOSITION
In-depth examination of French grammar, syntax, and stylistic constructions, idiomatic usage, compositions. Prerequisite: at least one 360-level course.

FREN 453. STYLISTICS
Original writing based on stylistic analysis of modern authors. Guided practice in various forms of prose writing. Prerequisites: at least one 360-level course and FREN 451.

FREN 457. BUSINESS FRENCH
Introduction to business French. A survey of basic procedures of typical business settings in France, mastery of entry-level vocabulary of Francophone world of commerce. Special emphasis on language of career areas most likely to be pursued: banking services, import-export operations, office management, communications. Prerequisites: one 300-level course and FREN 451.

FREN 461. TOPICS IN FRENCH DRAMA
Genre course dealing with period, movement, tradition, or theme. Topic to be announced. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisites: two 360-level courses or consent of instructor.

FREN 463. TOPICS IN FRENCH PROSE FICTION
Genre course dealing with period, movement, tradition, or theme. Topic to be announced. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisites: two 360-level courses or consent of instructor.

FREN 481. SPECIAL TOPICS IN FRENCH LITERATURE
Major problem limited to one or more periods or movements, not restricted to single genre. Topic to be announced. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisites: two 360-level courses or consent of instructor.

FREN 491. TEACHING COLLEGE FRENCH I/variable credit
Participation in team-teaching of elementary French, with experienced personnel. Teaching, drill instruction, methodology workshops, staff meetings, test preparation, and grading. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.

FREN 492. TEACHING COLLEGE FRENCH II/variable credit
Participation in team-teaching of elementary French, with experienced personnel. Teaching, drill instruction, methodology workshops, staff meetings, test preparation, and grading. Prerequisites: FREN 491 and permission of instructor.

FREN 498­p;499. SENIOR HONORS
Student may complete his or her thesis in one, or if necessary, two semesters, earning four credits per semester.

Italian

ITAL 105. PRACTICAL ITALIAN IN ITS CULTURAL CONTEXT I /2 credits
Basic Italian for everyday use in practical situations. Cultural milieu, through short lectures, films, and slides; peculiarly Italian aspects which differ from our own. Two-and-a-half hours per week. No previous knowledge of Italian assumed.

ITAL 106. PRACTICAL ITALIAN IN ITS CULTURAL CONTEXT II/2 credits
Basic Italian for everyday use in practical situations. Cultural milieu, through short lectures, films, and slides; peculiarly Italian aspects which differ from our own. Two-and-a-half hours per week. Prerequisite: ITAL 105 or equivalent.

ITAL 111. ELEMENTARY ITALIAN I
Comprehensive introduction (together with ITAL 115) to all aspects of language. Basic vocabulary, essentials of grammar, graded readings, oral work; use of language laboratory. Five hours a week, or equivalent.

ITAL 115. ELEMENTARY ITALIAN II
Continuation of ITAL 111. Five hours a week, or equivalent. Prerequisite: ITAL 111 or equivalent.

ITAL 211. INTERMEDIATE ITALIAN I
Review of grammar and extensive reading of literary and cultural texts. Prerequisite: ITAL 115 or equivalent.

ITAL 215. INTERMEDIATE ITALIAN II
Reading and discussion of representative works; grammar review; reports. Prerequisite: ITAL 211 or equivalent.

ITAL 241. CONVERSATION AND COMPOSITION
A four skills, communicative-oriented intermediate course designed to facilitate oral and written expression through audiovisual and written materials which reflect the culture of modern Italy. Prerequisite: ITAL 215 or equivalent.

ITAL 344 (formerly ITAL 244). INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL READING
Analysis of representative works of Italian literature in different genres (poems, plays, essays, short stories). Emphasis on study of basic literary concepts and terminology. Prerequisite: ITAL 215 or equivalent.

ITAL 351. ITALIAN ADVANCED COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION
Practical problems of Italian grammar and syntax. Composition and translation into Italian. Prerequisite: ITAL 215 or 241.

ITAL 360. MASTERWORKS OF ITALIAN LITERATURE I
Development of Italian literature from Middle Ages to Late Renaissance, in context of general intellectual history, coordinated with reading of representative literary texts. Background lectures and literary analysis. Prerequisite: ITAL 215 or equivalent.

ITAL 361. MASTERWORKS OF ITALIAN LITERATURE II
Development of Italian literature from Baroque to present, in context of general intellectual history, coordinated with reading of representative literary texts. Background lectures and literary analysis. Prerequisite: ITAL 215 or equivalent.

ITAL 370. CINEMA AND LITERATURE
Introduction to the contemporary novel and its reflection in film. Issues of faithfulness and betrayal of the literary text; relationship between the writer and the film director discussed. Works chosen will provide an overview of Italian culture. Conducted in Italian. Prerequisites: ITAL 215 or equivalent.

ITAL 375. MODERN ITALY AND ITS CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION
Geographic, economic, socio­p;political structures that have affected the life, history, and culture of Italy from the unification (1870) to the present. Prerequisite: ITAL 215 or equivalent.

ITAL 397. INDEPENDENT STUDY
Independent reading and research on selected topic in consultation with major advisor. Open to majors but may not count among required courses of major program (except, in special circumstances, by written consent of major advisor).

ITAL 399. JUNIOR HONORS
This program can be completed in one or two semesters for a maximum of 4 credits.

ITAL 451. ADVANCED COMPOSITION AND STYLISTICS
Special aspects and problems of grammar, syntax, and style. Prerequisite: ITAL 215 or equivalent.

ITAL 461. DANTE: DIVINA COMMEDIA
Extensive reading of Commedia, consideration of its place in world literature. Prerequisite: ITAL 360 or equivalent.

ITAL 462. PETRARCH AND BOCCACCIO
Italian works of Petrarch and Boccaccio and their place in world literature. Prerequisite: ITAL 360 or equivalent.

ITAL 463. LITERATURE OF THE RENAISSANCE
Selected masterpieces of prose and poetry studied in their cultural context and European significance. Prerequisite: ITAL 360 or equivalent.

ITAL 469. MODERN POETRY
Italian poetry from Leopardi to Montale. Prerequisite: ITAL 360 or equivalent.

ITAL 481. TOPICS IN ITALIAN LITERATURE
Seminar study of one or two major writers or works. Prerequisite: one 400-level course in Italian literature. May be repeated for credit.

ITAL 491. TEACHING COLLEGE ITALIAN I /variable credit
Participation in team-teaching of elementary, with experienced personnel. Teaching, drill instruction, methodology workshops, staff meetings, test prepartion and grading. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.

ITAL 492. TEACHING COLLEGE ITALIAN II/variable credit
Participation in team-teaching of elementary Italian, with experienced personnel. Teaching, drill instruction, methodology workshops, staff meetings, test preparation and grading. Prerequisites: ITAL 491 and permission of instructor.

ITAL 498­p;499. SENIOR HONORS
Students may complete their thesis in one, or if necessary, 2 semesters earning 4 credits per semester.

Spanish Language

SPAN 111. ELEMENTARY SPANISH I
First half of a comprehensive introduction to all aspects of the language. A communicative, interactive classroom approach includes oral practice, group work, and use of audiovisual materials. Five hours a week. No prerequisite.

SPAN 115. ELEMENTARY SPANISH II
Continuation of SPAN 111. Five hours a week. Prerequisite: SPAN 111 or one or two years of high school Spanish.

SPAN 211. INTERMEDIATE SPANISH I
Intermediate-level work on all aspects of the language. Continues the communicative, interactive approach of introductory courses, including use of audiovisual materials. Prerequisite: SPAN 115 or two or three years of high school Spanish.

SPAN 215. INTERMEDIATE SPANISH II
Formal introduction to writing based on literary and non­p;literary texts. Review of grammar through analysis of its function in spoken and written discourse. Consolidation of language skills to prepare students for more advanced work. Prerequisite: SPAN 211 or three or four years of high school Spanish.

SPAN 250. CONVERSATION AND COMPOSITION
Conversation course based on oral and written analysis of the culture of Spain and Latin America today. Prerequisite: SPAN 215 or equivalent.

SPAN 251. SPANISH SYNTAX
Practical problems of Spanish grammar and syntax. Prerequisite: SPAN 215 or equivalent.

SPAN 351. ADVANCED SYNTAX AND COMPOSITION
Special aspects and problems of grammar, syntax, and style. Prerequisite: SPAN 251 or equivalent.

SPAN 480. SPECIAL TOPICS IN SPANISH LANGUAGE
Study of particular aspect of Spanish language. Prerequisite: SPAN 251 or equivalent. May be repeated for credit if topic is different.

Spanish Language for Students of Hispanic Background

Note: The following courses develop native ability in students of Hispanic background. Open also to non-Hispanic students who demonstrate unusual proficiency, for example, through having spent a year of residence in school, or having lived with a family, in a Spanish-speaking country. Bilinguals should register for these courses rather than SPAN 111, 115, 211, or 215.

SPAN 212 (formerly SPAN 116). ELEMENTARY SPANISH FOR NATIVE SPEAKERS Designed especially for students raised in a bilingual environment. Concentrates on basic grammar, syntax, reading, and writing.

SPAN 213 (formerly SPAN 212). GRAMMAR AND WRITING
For students who have acquired some basic knowledge of Spanish in a bilingual environment. Should be able to speak and understand Spanish in informal conversation. Although the class provides an informal review of grammar, the emphasis is on the improvement of formal writing skills.

Spanish and Latin American Literature

SPAN 344 (formerly SPAN 244). INTRODUCTION TO HISPANIC LITERATURE: LITERARY ANALYSIS
Analysis of representative works of Peninsular and Latin American literature (poems, plays, essays, narratives), emphasis on study of basic literary concepts and terminology. Recommended for students planning to take SPAN 360 and/or 370. Prerequisite: SPAN 215 or equivalent.

SPAN 360. SURVEY OF SPANISH LITERATURE
Survey of salient developments in literature of Peninsular Spain, through reading of representative texts. Prerequisite: SPAN 344 or equivalent.

SPAN 370. SURVEY OF LATIN AMERICAN LITERATURE
Selected readings reflecting historical developments of Latin American literature from colonial to contemporary period. Prerequisite: SPAN 344 or equivalent.

SPAN 397. INDEPENDENT STUDY
Independent reading and research on selected topic in consultation with major advisor. Open to majors, but may not count as one of 10 courses of major program (except, in special circumstances, by written consent of major advisor).

SPAN 399. JUNIOR HONORS
This program can be completed in one or two semesters for a maximum of 4 credits.

SPAN 460. MEDIEVAL LITERATURE
Such well-established masterpieces as Poema de Mio Cid, Libro de buen amor, La Celestina, representative of Spanish literature from origins through 15th century. Instructor announces area of concentration. Prerequisite: SPAN 360 or equivalent.

SPAN 461. LITERATURE OF THE RENAISSANCE AND THE BAROQUE
Readings from Spanish prose, poetry, drama of 16th and 17th centuries. Instructor announces area of concentration. Prerequisite: SPAN 360 or equivalent.

SPAN 462. CERVANTES
In-depth study of Don Quijote within context of Cervantes' literary production. Prerequisite: SPAN 360 or equivalent.

SPAN 463. LITERATURE OF 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES
Study of author, movement, genre, or topic which characterizes development of Spanish literature from Age of Enlightenment to post-Romantic realism. Readings and subjects to be announced. Prerequisite: SPAN 360 or equivalent.

SPAN 464. GENERATION OF '98
Texts from works of Ganivet, Unamuno, Valle-Inclán, Antonio Machado, Baroja, Azorín, Ortega y Gasset. Prerequisite: SPAN 360 or equivalent.

SPAN 465. 20TH-CENTURY LITERATURE OF SPAIN
Representative works of contemporary poetry, drama, and fiction. Prerequisite: SPAN 360 or equivalent.

SPAN 471. LATIN AMERICAN NOVEL
Principal development from independence to the present. Prerequisite: SPAN 370 or equivalent.

SPAN 472. CONTEMPORARY LATIN AMERICAN POETRY
Principal movements from modernismo to present. Selected readings include Darío, Martí, Storni, Vallejo, Nicolás Guillén, Paz, Neruda. Prerequisite: SPAN 370 or equivalent.

SPAN 473. LATIN AMERICAN THEATRE
Emphasis on the contemporary period. Key authors and movements. Prerequisite: SPAN 370 or equivalent.

SPAN 474. LATIN AMERICAN SHORT STORY
Principal development from independence to the present. Prerequisite: SPAN 370 or equivalent.

SPAN 475. LATIN AMERICAN ESSAY
Emphasis on the contemporary period. Key authors and movements. Prerequisite: SPAN 370 or equivalent.

SPAN 476. LATIN AMERICAN WOMEN WRITERS
Emphasis on contemporary period with references to historical development. Prerequisite: SPAN 370 or equivalent.

SPAN 477. LITERATURE OF THE CARIBBEAN
Literary and historical developments of Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, and Cuba in contemporary period. Prerequisite: SPAN 370 or equivalent.

SPAN 481. SPECIAL TOPICS IN SPANISH LITERATURE
Study of writer or movement not otherwise available at upper-division level. Subjects to be announced. Prerequisite: SPAN 360 or equivalent. May be repeated for credit.

SPAN 483. SPECIAL TOPICS IN LATIN AMERICAN LITERATURE
Significant period, literary movement, or group of authors. Specific subject to be announced. Prerequisites: SPAN 344 and 370 or equivalent. May be repeated for credit.

SPAN 491. TEACHING COLLEGE SPANISH I/variable credit
Participation in the team­p;teaching with more experienced personnel of lower-division courses in order to gain practical and theoretical knowledge of language learning. Pass/fail grading option only. The course does not count towards the major. Normally only for advanced majors who have spent a semester abroad. Prerequisite: consent of the supervisor.

SPAN 492. TEACHING COLLEGE SPANISH II/variable credit
For students who have already received credit for SPAN 491 and want to continue team­p;teaching, normally in a more advanced lower-division course. Provisos and prerequisite same as for SPAN 491.

SPAN 498­p;499. SENIOR HONORS
Student may complete his or her thesis in one, or if necessary, two semesters, earning four credits per semester.

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Graduate
Programs

The Romance Languages and Literatures Department provides instruction in the French, Italian, and Spanish languages and their literatures. The programs leading to the MA degree primarily provide advanced training for teaching at the secondary school and junior college level, or for continuing on to the doctorate. While these programs are concentrated in the field of Romance languages and literatures, the student is expected to have some acquaintance with related disciplines, such as history, philosophy, and general literature.
Students with their departmental advisors work out programs of study tailored to their own needs and objectives, within the general framework described herein. While the normal pattern of requirements for the MA degree is as outlined below, students may, with consent of the department, have certain courses waived by presenting themselves for examination in the relevant material. All applicants are expected to submit scores for the Graduate Record Examination aptitude test.

Teacher Training Program

Recognizing that most recipients of higher degrees in Romance languages and literatures make a career of teaching as well as research, the department provides a teacher-training program for its graduate assistants. The program, under the direction of faculty supervisors, begins with a workshop before the start of classes in the fall, during which methodological issues are discussed and the trainees are given a chance at practice teaching. During the first semester, the trainees attend a formal course in methodology and teach in the elementary course. There are regular staff meetings, and classes are visited by a teaching supervisor who offers criticism and suggestions.

Master of Arts Program

Through the program of courses and independent study both in undergraduate and graduate work, a candidate for the MA is expected to acquire oral and written proficiency in one Romance language; sound knowledge of the principle aspects of the literature in that language; and familiarity with various methods of scholarship and criticism. An elementary knowledge of a second Romance language and of Latin is desirable. Teaching assistants in the master's program participate in the pedagogical training seminar conducted by a departmental supervisor of graduate assistants.
The requirements for the MA in French, Italian, or Spanish may be satisfied according to Plan A or Plan B described below.

Course Requirements*

MA Plan A
Total courses required-9 (exclusive of 591, 595, and 599)

Requirements:/courses
1. Textual Analysis, Criticism and Theory/1
2. Major literature/6
3. Electives/2
a. FREN 501, or SPAN 501
b. RPHL 501B
c. 500-level courses in another field with the consent of the department.
4. Comprehensive examination

TOTAL 9 courses

MA Plan B
Total courses required-9 (exclusive of 591 and 595)

Requirements/courses
1. Textual Analysis, Criticism and Theory /1
2. Major literature/5
3. Electives/2
a. FREN 501, or SPAN 501, or RPHL 501
b. RLIT 501 or any appropriate course in criticism.
c. 500-level courses in another field with the consent of the department.
d. Courses in another Romance literature.
4. Thesis/1
5. Comprehensive examination

TOTAL 9 courses

*Students majoring in Spanish must consult with their advisors to determine the required course distribution, currently defined as at least two courses from Latin-American literature and two from Peninsular literature.

Comprehensive Examination

A written and an oral comprehensive examination in the major language and literature is offered once a year in January. This examination, based on an extensive reading list as well as course work, tests the candidate's familiarity with the masterworks of the major literature, knowledge of the general historical development of that literature, and ability to use the language correctly in writing and speaking. The comprehensive examination is normally taken at the end of the third semester of course work for the degree and can be taken after the student has completed 20 credit hours of course work (5 courses). For details regarding the comprehensive examination, consult the departmental "Graduate Student Handbook."

Thesis

Under Plan B, the student fulfills the thesis requirement by submitting a thesis, presented through the respective advisors to the chairperson of the departmental graduate committee, at least eight weeks before the last day of classes of the semester in which the degree is to be granted. The student may be required during this time to make corrections, additions, or other alterations to bring the work up to the standard required for thesis credit.

Joint MA/PHD Program With Comparative Literature

The Romance Languages and Comparative Literature Departments offer a collaborative program leading either to 1) the MA in French and PhD in comparative literature with a major specialization in French literature or 2) the MA in Spanish and PhD in comparative literature with major specializations in Spanish or Spanish American literature.
The program recognizes the need to meld traditional foreign language and literature studies with current developments in contemporary literary theory. It will give students a strong concentration in language, a national literature, literary theory, and criticism. Graduates will have the option of a career in comparative literature and/or traditonal language and literature. Close cooperation exists between these two departments, with several faculty members holding joint appointments or associated faculty titles. PhD students in the Department of Comparative Literature are frequently assigned duties as teaching assistants in undergraduate courses offered through the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures.

Master of Arts in Teaching and Master of Science in Teaching

The department cooperates with the program in the Division of Education in offering the MAT (master of arts in teaching) and the MST (master of science in teaching) degrees in French and in Spanish. For information and requirements, see the relevant section in this Bulletin. Inquiries about the programs should be directed to the appropriate advisor, School of Education and Human Development, Binghamton University. Attention is also invited to the dual degree possibility of combining the MA and MAT (see the section on "Double Degree Accounting" in this Bulletin).

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Course Offerings/Graduate

Romance Languages

RLIT 500. PROSEMINAR IN METHODOLOGY/half course
Bibliography; methods and problems of research.

RLIT 501. THEORY OF LITERATURE
Major literary theories from Plato to end of 19th century.

RL&L 589. METHODS IN FL PEDAGOGY AND TESTING
In­p;depth study of current teaching methods, practical application in all five skills: listening and reading comprehension, speaking, writing, and culture; methods for evaluating written and spoken langauge.

RPHL 501. INTRODUCTION TO ROMANCE PHILOLOGY
Phonological and morphological development of romance languages, from Vulgar Latin to their early standards.

French

FREN 501. HISTORY OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE
Development of French language (phonology, morphology, syntax) from Middle Ages to present. Selected texts.

FREN 505. THE MAKING OF FRENCH CIVILIZATION
Examination of essential features of French civilization; development of society, state, and family in relation to land and literature; some consideration of art, religion, philosophy, economics.

FREN 520. TEXTUAL ANALYSIS, CRITICISM, AND THEORY
Elements of critical reading and literary commentary applied to selected texts. Examination of fundamental topics in contemporary literary and linguistic theory as applied to the analysis of French literature.

FREN 551. THEORY AND PRAXIS OF FRENCH GRAMMAR
Analysis of grammatical structures, going beyond usual schemas, emphasizing psychological aspects, inner dynamics of the language.

FREN 561. THE MIDDLE AGES
Topic to be announced. May be repeated for credit.

FREN 562. THE RENAISSANCE
Topic to be announced. May be repeated for credit.

FREN 563. THE 17TH CENTURY
Topic to be announced. May be repeated for credit.

FREN 564. THE 18TH CENTURY
Topic to be announced. May be repeated for credit.

FREN 565. THE 19TH CENTURY
Topic to be announced. May be repeated for credit.

FREN 566. THE 20TH CENTURY
Topic to be announced. May be repeated for credit.

FREN 570. STUDIES IN FRENCH CRITICISM
Topic to be announced. May be repeated for credit.

FREN 581. TOPICS IN FRENCH LITERATURE
Varied topics in French literature. May be repeated for credit when topic varies. Normally offered as a seminar. Normal grading. Prerequisite: FREN 520 and one century survey course.

FREN 591. THE TEACHING OF COLLEGE FRENCH/variable credit
Required of all teaching assistants. Course credit but no grade.

FREN 595. PEDAGOGICAL TUTORIAL/1 credit
Supervision/mentoring by faculty of advanced graduate students in teaching courses beyond the intermediate level (fourth semester). Available to teaching assistants. Course credit but no letter grade. For advanced graduate students who have taken RL&L 589 and FREN 591 or equivalent.

FREN 597. INDEPENDENT STUDY/variable credit
Reading and research on special topic, evidenced by a paper, under direction of advisor.

FREN 599. MA THESIS / variable credit
Thesis, equivalent of four-credit course, may be completed in one semester or two. Course credit, no grade.

FREN 699. DISSERTATION/4­p;12 credits/semester
Research for and preparation of the dissertation.

FREN 700. CONTINUOUS REGISTRATION/1 credit
Required for maintenance of matriculated status in graduate program. No credit toward graduate degree requirements.

FREN 707. RESEARCH SKILLS /variable credit
Development of research skills required within graduate programs. May not be applied toward course credits for any graduate degree. Prerequisite: approval of relevant graduate program directors or department chairs.

Italian

ITAL 520. TEXTUAL ANALYSIS, CRITICISM, AND THEORY
Elements of critical reading and literary commentary applied to selected texts. Examination of fundamental topics in contemporary literary and linguistic theory as applied to the analysis of Italian literature.

ITAL 561. EARLY ITALIAN LITERATURE
Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio, Dolce stil novo. May be repeated for credit with different topics.

ITAL 562. RENAISSANCE ITALIAN LITERATURE
Poetry; prose; drama; chivalric romances. May be repeated for credit with different topics.

ITAL 563. MODERN ITALIAN LITERATURE
Romanticism; modern poetry; modern novel; Pirandello; The ermetici. May be repeated for credit with different topics.

ITAL 581. SPECIAL TOPICS IN ITALIAN STUDIES
Topic to be announced. May be repeated for credit.

ITAL 591. THE TEACHING OF COLLEGE ITALIAN /variable credit
Required of all teaching assistants. Course credit but no grade.

ITAL 595. PEDAGOGICAL TUTORIAL /1 credit
Supervision/mentoring by faculty of advanced graduate students in teaching courses beyond the intermediate level (fourth semester). Available to teaching assistants. Course credit but no letter grade. For advanced graduate students who have taken RL&L 589 and ITAL 591 or equivalent.

ITAL 597. INDEPENDENT STUDY/ variable credit
Reading and research on special topic, evidenced by a paper, under direction of advisor.

ITAL 599. MA THESIS /variable credit
Thesis, equivalent of four-credit course, may be completed in one semester or two. Course credit, no grade.

ITAL 700. CONTINUOUS REGISTRATION/1 credit
Required for maintenance of matriculated status in graduate program. No credit toward graduate degree requirements.

ITAL 707. RESEARCH SKILLS/ variable credit
Development of research skills required within graduate programs. May not be applied toward course credits for any graduate degree. Prerequisite: approval of relevant graduate program directors of department chairs.

Spanish

SPAN 501. HISTORY OF SPANISH-AMERICAN SPANISH
Linguistic situations in Latin America from Spanish conquest to present. Effects of past and present bilingualism, especially Indian and African; of linguistic varieties within Spanish immigration; of language contacts with English, Portuguese, other languages. Pidgin and creole languages, extinct and living, in Latin America. Effects of language planning. Linguistic varieties in literature.

SPAN 505. TOPICS IN HISPANIC CIVILIZATION
Main factors of ethnicity, history, politics, intellectual developments contributing to civilization of modern Spain and Spanish America, as background for advanced study of Spanish language and literature. May be repeated for credit with different topic.

SPAN 520. TEXTUAL ANALYSIS, CRITICISM, AND THEORY
Elements of critical reading and literary commentary applied to selected texts. Examination of fundamental topics in contemporary literary and linguistic theory as applied to the analysis of Spanish literature.

SPAN 551. THEORY AND PRAXIS OF SPANISH GRAMMAR
Significance and scope of prescriptive norms of traditional Spanish grammar, their observance and non-observance in modern usage.

SPAN 552. PHONETICS AND VARIETIES OF SPANISH
Analysis of Spanish sound system. Phonetic transcription, drill in pronunciation and intonation. Varieties of Spanish spoken in Spain and Spanish-America, Spanish-based pidgins and creoles, Spanish spoken in U.S.

SPAN 561. TOPICS IN EARLY SPANISH LITERATURE
Poema de Mío Cid, Libro de buen amor; La Celestina; medieval lyric, medieval drama. May be repeated for credit with different topics.

SPAN 562. TOPICS IN THE SPANISH RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE
A study of the representative literary figures of the siglo de oro (exclusive of Cervantes), such as Garcilaso, Gongora, Quevedo (in poetry), Lope, Tirso, Calderon (in drama), the mystical writers, and the masters of the picaresque. May be repeated for credit with different topics.

SPAN 563. CERVANTES
A study of Cervantes' multiform production in the context of Spanish literature of the siglo de oro; special emphasis on Don Quijote and on Cervantes' art of the narrative. Instruction and concommitant class activities conducted in Spanish.

SPAN 564. TOPICS IN THE SPANISH 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES
A study of representative works by Feijoo, Jovellanos, Espronceda, Becquer, Clarin, Galdos, and others; survey of salient characteristics of Spanish "Enlightenment," romanticism, and 19th-century realism. May be repeated for credit with different topics.

SPAN 565. THE GENERATIONS OF '98 AND '27
A study of the outstanding authors-Unamuno, Baroja, Valle-Inclán, Garcia Lorca, among others-who during the first three decades of 20th century, contributed to the most significant revival in Spanish literature since the siglo de oro.

SPAN 566. TOPICS IN SPANISH LITERATURE OF THE POST CIVIL WAR PERIOD
Study of the salient developments in Spanish literature of 20th century from the Generation of '36 up to the present. Poets, playwrights, novelists, such as Hernandez, Felipe, Panero, Conde, Buero Vallejo, Sastre, Cela, Delibes, Matute, the Goytisolo brothers, Benet, among others. May be repeated for credit with different topics.

SPAN 571. LATIN AMERICAN NOVEL
Readings focus on selected topics, geographical areas, and authors: A) Caribbean: e.g., Carpentier, Sanchez; B) Mexico and Central America; e.g., Rulfo, Fuentes, Asturias; C) South America: Cortazar, Garcia Marquez, Donoso; D) Special topics: e.g., magical realism, boom of the 1960s, novel of Mexican Revolution. May be repeated for credit when topic varies.

SPAN 572. LATIN AMERICAN POETRY
Readings focus on selected topics, geographical areas, and authors: A) Caribbean; e.g., Pales Matos, Nicolas Guillén; B) Mexico and Central America: e.g., Dario, Paz, Sor Juana; C) South America: e.g., Borges, Vallejo, Storni, Neruda; D) Special topics: Surrealism, poetry of Revolution, Modernismo, feminist poetry, etc. May be repeated for credit when topic varies.

SPAN 573. LATIN AMERICAN THEATRE
Readings focus on selected topics and authors: A) Contemporary theatre: e.g., Carballido, Marques, Triana; B) Special topics: e.g., existential theatre, Teatro Campesino, theatre of revolution. May be repeated for credit when topic varies.

SPAN 574. LATIN AMERICAN SHORT STORY
Readings focus on main trends and principal authors: e.g., Modernismo, Cuento fantastico, Borges, Cortazar, contemporary trends.

SPAN 575. SPANISH AMERICAN ESSAY
Readings focus on main trends and principal authors: e.g., Positivismo, modernismo, "Search for Identity," in works of selected authors such as Montalvo, Hostos, Martí, Rodo, Reyes, Paz.

SPAN 581. SPECIAL TOPICS IN HISPANIC LITERATURE
Intensive examination of specialized topics in Peninsular or Spanish American studies (e.g., Colonial literature, Third Literatura Social, Chicano and Puerto Rican studies, images of women). May be repeated for credit when topic varies.

SPAN 591. THE TEACHING OF COLLEGE SPANISH/variable credit
Required of all teaching assistants. Course credit but no grade.

SPAN 595. PEDAGOGICAL TUTORIAL/1 credit
Supervision/mentoring by faculty of advanced graduate students in teaching courses beyond the intermediate level (fourth semester). Available to teaching assistants. Course credit but no letter grade. For advanced graduate students who have taken RL&L 589 and SPAN 591 or equivalent.

SPAN 597. INDEPENDENT STUDY /variable credit
Reading and research on special topic, evidenced by a paper, under direction of advisor.

SPAN 599. MA THESIS/variable credit
Thesis, equivalent of four-credit course, may be completed in one semester or two. Course credit, no grade.

SPAN 700. CONTINUOUS REGISTRATION /1 credit
Required for maintenance of matriculated status in graduate program. No credit toward graduate degree requirements.

SPAN 707. RESEARCH SKILLS /variable credit
Dvelopment or research skills required within graduate programs. May not be applied toward course credits for any graduate degree. Prerequisite: approval of relevant graduate program directors or department chairs.

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